Skin Cancer Charts Graphs: 04/25/08

Friday, April 25, 2008

Fwd: Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor lambda Converting Enzyme in Endocrine Cancers.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 9:03 AM
Subject: Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor lambda Converting Enzyme in Endocrine Cancers.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com

[1]Am J Clin Pathol. 2008 May; 129(5): 735-43
Kirkegaard T, Naresh A, Sabine VS, Tovey SM, Edwards J, Dunne B, Cooke TG, Jones FE, Bartlett JM

Tumor necrosis factor lambda converting enzyme (TACE) mediates shedding of human epidermal growth factor receptor-4 (HER4). Recent data suggest that released HER4 intracellular domain (4ICD) induces apoptosis in breast cancer.TACE expression, as measured by immunohistochemical analysis, was observed in 183 of 383 breast carcinomas, 39 of 217 ovarian carcinomas, and 16 of 24 and 17 of 24 hormonesensitive and hormone-insensitive prostate carcinomas, respectively. HER4 expression was detected in breast carcinomas by using 2 antibodies recognizing an extracellular or intracellular epitope. TACE expression was predominantly seen in tumors with high levels of 4ICD and membranous HER4. Apoptotic activity was measured by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and cleaved caspase-3 staining in breast carcinomas. There was no significant association between cleaved caspase-3 or TUNEL positivity and 4ICD, whereas TUNEL positivity was seen predominantly in tumors with high levels of internalized HER4. The data presented herein show TACE expression in endocrine cancers and further support a role for TACE in breast cancer apoptosis.

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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18426733
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Fwd: Nightshift work and risk of breast cancer and other cancers-a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 9:03 AM
Subject: Nightshift work and risk of breast cancer and other cancers-a critical review of the epidemiologic evidence.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com

[1]Scand J Work Environ Health. 2008 Feb; 34(1): 5-22
Kolstad HA

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review concerns the role of nightshift work in the risk of breast cancer or other cancers. METHODS: Studies that specifically included information on nightshift or shift work and reported cancer occurrence were focused upon. A systematic search of Medline and the Science Citation Index was conducted until May 2007. The quality of each paper was discussed with respect to design, exposure and outcome information, bias, confounding, and exposure-response assessment. RESULTS: Thirteen relevant reports were found, and eight reported the relative risk for breast cancer, three for prostate cancer, three for colon cancer, and four for all cancers. Most of the studies had crude information about nightshift work, four register-linked studies had no individual exposure information but relied on exposure probabilities assessed on a group level, and no studies analyzed cancer risk according to the cumulative number of night shifts (however, most of the studies did so according to the number of years of nightshift work). Confounding did not seem to be of major concern. The presentation of the results was not always complete, and it would have been appreciated if the reasons for leaving some findings out had been reported. There were indications of a long-term effect of nightshift work (more than 20-30 years), but the number of positive studies was small. In addition, they were all conducted among nurses, and the risk estimates were only moderately increased. This situation makes the results sensitive to bias, chance, and confounding. CONCLUSIONS: There is limited evidence for a causal association between nightshift work and breast cancer, while there is insufficient evidence for prostate cancer, colon cancer, and overall cancer.

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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18427694
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Fwd: Anticoagulation for the long term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Apr 23, 2008 at 9:04 AM
Subject: Anticoagulation for the long term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com

[1]Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008; CD006650
Akl E, Barba M, Rohilla S, Terrenato I, Sperati F, Muti P, Schünemann H

BACKGROUND: Cancer increases the risk of thromboembolic events and the risk of recurrent thromboembolic events while on anticoagulation. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral anticoagulants (vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and ximelagatran) for the long term treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY: A comprehensive search was undertaken including a January 2007 search of electronic databases; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), (The Cochrane Library 2007, Issue 1). MEDLINE (1966 onwards; accessed via OVID), EMBASE (1980 onwards; accessed via OVID) and ISI the Web of Science. Hand search of the proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and of the American Society of Hematology. Checking of references of included studies, relevant papers and related systematic reviews. Use of "related article" feature in PubMed; and (5) search of ISI the Web of Science for papers citing landmark studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing long term treatment with LMWH versus oral anticoagulants (VKA or ximelagatran) in patients with cancer and symptomatic objectively confirmed VTE. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Using a standardized data form we extracted data on methodological quality, participants, interventions and outcomes of interest: survival, recurrent VTE, major bleeding, minor bleeding, thrombocytopenia and postphlebitic syndrome. MAIN RESULTS: Of 3986 identified citations, eight RCTs were eligible and reported data for patients with cancer. Their overall methodological quality was moderate. Meta-analysis of six RCTs showed that LMWH, compared to VKA provided no statistically significant survival benefit (Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.96; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.14) but a statistically significant reduction in VTE (HR = 0.47; 95% (Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.32 to 0.71). There was no statistically significant difference between LMWH and VKA in bleeding outcomes (RR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.64 to 1.31) or thrombocytopenia (RR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.60 to 1.74). One RCT compared tinzaparin and dalteparin and showed no differences in the outcomes of interest. One RCT compared a six months extension of anticoagulation with 18 months Ximelagatran 24mg twice daily versus placebo. It showed a reduction in VTE (HR = 0.16; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.30) with no apparent effect on survival or bleeding. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: For the long term treatment of VTE in patients with cancer, LMWH compared to VKA reduces venous thromboembolic events but not death. The decision for a patient with cancer and VTE to start long term LMWH versus oral anticoagulation should balance the benefits and downsides and integrate the patient's values and preferences for the important outcomes and alternative management strategies.

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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18425959
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