Fwd: Occupational risk factors for endometrial cancer among textile workers in Shanghai, China.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Occupational risk factors for endometrial cancer among textile workers in Shanghai, China.
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[1]Am J Ind Med. 2008 Jul 14;
Wernli KJ, Ray RM, Gao DL, Fitzgibbons ED, Camp JE, Astrakianakis G, Seixas N, Li W, De Roos AJ, Feng Z, Thomas DB, Checkoway H

OBJECTIVE: A case-cohort study was conducted to investigate associations between occupational exposures and endometrial cancer nested within a large cohort of textile workers in Shanghai, China. METHODS: The study included 176 incident endometrial cancer cases diagnosed from 1989 to 1998 and a randomly-selected age-stratified reference subcohort (n = 3,061). Study subjects' complete work histories were linked to a job-exposure matrix developed specifically for the textile industry to assess occupational exposures. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Cox proportional hazards modeling adapted for the case-cohort design, adjusting for age at menarche and a composite variable of gravidity and parity. RESULTS: An increased risk of endometrial cancer was detected among women who had worked for >/=10 years in silk production (HR = 3.8, 95% CI 1.2-11.8) and had exposure to silk dust (HR = 1.7, 95% CI 0.9-3.4). Albeit with few exposed women (two cases and eight subcohort women), there was a 7.4-fold increased risk associated with >/=10 years of silica dust exposure (95% CI 1.4-39.7). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that some textile industry exposures might play a role in endometrial carcinoma and should be further replicated in other occupational settings. Am. J. Ind. Med. (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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Fwd: The Role of Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Clinical Decision Making in Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: The Role of Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Clinical Decision Making in Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: A Systematic Review.
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[1]Ann Surg Oncol. 2008 Jul 15;
Parameswaran R, McNair A, Avery KN, Berrisford RG, Wajed SA, Sprangers MA, Blazeby JM

BACKGROUND: Esophagectomy for cancer offers a chance of cure but is associated with morbidity, at least a temporary reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQL), and a 5-year survival of approximately 30%. This research evaluated how and whether HRQL outcomes contribute to surgical decision making. METHODS: A systematic review identified randomized trials and longitudinal and cross-sectional studies that assessed HRQL after esophagectomy with multidimensional validated questionnaires. Articles were independently evaluated by two reviewers, and the value of HRQL in clinical decision making was categorized in three ways: (1) the assessment of the quality of HRQL methodology according to predefined criteria; (2) the influence of HRQL outcomes on treatment recommendations and/or informed consent; and (3) the HRQL after esophagectomy for cancer in methodologically robust studies. RESULTS: Eighteen publications were identified, of which 16 (89%) were categorized as having robust HRQL design. Of these studies, 3 concluded that HRQL influenced treatment recommendations and 11 (including the former 3) informed patient consent. The remaining five papers were well designed, but the authors did not use HRQL to influence treatment recommendations or informed consent. After esophagectomy, patients report major deterioration in most aspects of HRQL with slow recovery. CONCLUSION: HRQL outcomes are relevant to surgical decision making. Methods to communicate HRQL outcomes to patients are required to inform consent and clinical practice.



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Fwd: Imagining the Future of Photoacoustic Mammography.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Imagining the Future of Photoacoustic Mammography.
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[1]Sci Eng Ethics. 2008 Jul 15;
van der Burg S

How can a realistic ethical imagination about the future of a technology take shape? This article contains a reflection which is based on the experiences of an embedded ethicist in the context of biophysical research conducive to the development of photoacoustic mammography, which is intended for the non-invasive detection of breast cancer. Imagination in this context already informs the activities of the biophysical researchers, but its role is limited: biophysical future scenarios concentrate on the technological advances that photoacoustics could bring about. In this article it is argued that it is advisable to also consider the medical practice and the ways in which this practice is likely to change as an effect of the introduction of photoacoustic mammography into it. On the basis of this more encompassing imaginative endeavor it is possible to get a clearer idea about how new technologies are able to contribute to human well being, which is informative for the setting of research-goals/priorities and a responsible implementation of new technologies into the world.



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Fwd: Translational Imaging: Imaging of Apoptosis.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Translational Imaging: Imaging of Apoptosis.
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[1]Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2008; 185/2: 259-275
Strauss HW, Blankenberg F, Vanderheyden JL, Tait J

Since its original description in 1972, apoptosis or programmed cell death has been recognized as the major pathway by which the body precisely regulates the number and type of its cells as part of normal embryogenesis, development, and homeostasis. Later it was found that apoptosis was also involved in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, cell immunity, and the action of cytotoxotic drugs and radiation therapy in cancer treatment. As such, the imaging of apoptosis with noninvasive techniques such as with radiotracers, including annexin V and lipid proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, may have a wide range of clinical utility in both the diagnosis and monitoring therapy of a wide range of human disorders. In this chapter we review the basic biochemical and morphologic features of apoptosis and the methods developed thus far to image this complex process in humans.



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Fwd: Noninvasive Tracer Techniques to Characterize Angiogenesis.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Noninvasive Tracer Techniques to Characterize Angiogenesis.
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[1]Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2008; 185/2: 323-339
Haubner R

Great efforts are being made to develop antiangiogenesis drugs for treatment of cancer as well as other diseases. Some of the compounds are already in clinical trials. Imaging techniques allowing noninvasive monitoring of corresponding molecular processes can provide helpful information for planning and controlling corresponding therapeutic approaches but will also be of interest for basic science. Current nuclear medicine techniques focus on the development of tracer targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) system, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), the ED-B domain of a fibronectin isoform, and the integrin alphavbeta3. In this chapter, the recent tracer developments as well as the preclinical and the clinical evaluations are summarized and the potential of the different approaches to characterize angiogenesis are discussed.



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Fwd: Management of radial sclerosing lesions of the breast diagnosed using percutaneous vacuum-assisted core needle biopsy: recommendations for excision based on seven years' of experience at a single institution.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Management of radial sclerosing lesions of the breast diagnosed using percutaneous vacuum-assisted core needle biopsy: recommendations for excision based on seven years' of experience at a single institution.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2008 Jul 15;
Resetkova E, Edelweiss M, Albarracin CT, Yang WT

Background Radial sclerosing lesions (RSLs) of the breast are benign lesions that can mimic carcinoma on mammography and are frequently associated with malignancy. Guidelines for the selection of patients with RSL on core needle biopsy who require surgical excision are not well defined. We describe the clinical management of RSL diagnosed using a percutaneous vacuum-assisted 9- or 11-gauge stereotactically guided core needle biopsy (SCNB) device. Methods We retrospectively evaluated data on patients with mammographically detected RSLs sampled by SCNB between 2001 and 2007. Demographic data, the size and type of lesion and histological findings were correlated with subsequent surgical excision data. Clinical and radiological follow-up data were collected. Results Among 80 patients with RSLs, 19 underwent surgical excision, and 61 had mammographic surveillance only. RSLs associated on imaging with an underlying architectural distortion were more frequently excised than those associated with calcifications (P = 0.003). The presence of residual calcifications/architectural distortion on post-biopsy mammogram significantly correlated with subsequent excision (P = 0.00003). Proliferative and/or atypical RSLs were more often excised than nonproliferative RSLs (P = 0.00001). In two patients, proliferative RSL was upgraded to atypical RSL on excision. Clinical and mammographic follow-up for a mean of 32 months (standard deviation, +/-23) in the group without excision showed no cancer. Conclusions Architectural distortion on imaging, residual abnormality on post-biopsy mammogram and the presence of proliferative changes and/or epithelial atypia on SCNB were parameters leading to increased performance of surgical excision in our series. No diagnoses were upgraded to malignancy after excision of RSLs, suggesting that more extensive sampling by a 9- or 11-gauge SCNB device, followed by meticulous correlation of radiological and pathological findings and close clinical/radiological follow-up, could obviate surgical excision in the majority of RSL cases without associated atypia on SCNB.



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Fwd: Occult disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes of patients with gastric carcinoma. A critical appraisal of assessment and relevance.

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Occult disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes of patients with gastric carcinoma. A critical appraisal of assessment and relevance.
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[1]Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2008 Jul 15;
Scheunemann P, Stoecklein NH, Hermann K, Rehders A, Eisenberger CF, Knoefel WT, Hosch SB

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In gastric cancer, regional lymph node metastasis verified by histopathological examination is the most important prognostic factor after complete surgical tumor resection (R0). However, the prognostic value of immunohistochemically identifiable disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes without histopathological tumor burden in patients with gastric cancer is still controversially discussed. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency and prognostic impact of minimal tumor cell spread to lymph nodes in these patients. PATIENTS-METHODS: One hundred sixty lymph nodes judged as "tumor free" on routine histopathology obtained from 58 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed immunohistochemically using the monoclonal anti-EpCAM antibody Ber-EP4 for occult disseminated tumor cells. RESULTS: Tumor cells in lymph nodes were detected in 62 (38.8%) of the 160 "tumor-free" lymph nodes obtained from 39 (67.2%) patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the presence of disseminated tumor cells in "tumor-free" lymph nodes as an independent prognostic factor for both a significantly reduced relapse-free survival (p = 0.008) and overall survival (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The frequent occurrence and prognostic impact of minimal disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes of patients with gastric carcinoma support the need for a refined staging system of excised lymph nodes, which should include immunohistochemical examination.



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Fwd: Development and validation of the system of quality of life instruments for cancer patients: breast cancer (QLICP-BR).

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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 16, 2008 at 9:21 AM
Subject: Development and validation of the system of quality of life instruments for cancer patients: breast cancer (QLICP-BR).
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Support Care Cancer. 2008 Jul 15;
Wan C, Yang Z, Tang X, Zou T, Chen D, Zhang D, Meng Q

GOALS: To develop and validate a quality of life (QOL) instrument for patients with breast cancer, QLICP-BR, which is one of the system of QOL instruments for cancer patients in China. METHODS: Using the programmed decision methods of instrument development, the quality of life instrument for cancer patients-breast cancer (QLICP-BR) with considering Chinese cultural background was developed, and evaluated on the data from 186 inpatients with breast cancer. The statistical methods used in this research included statistical description, Pearson correlation, factor analysis, and paired t test. RESULTS: The test-retest reliability for the overall scale and five domains are all above 0.75. Internal consistency alpha for each domain is higher than 0.65 except social domain (0.58). Most correlation coefficients between each item and it's domain are above 0.60. The scores differences between pretreatment and post-treatment for overall scale, general module, physical domain, psychological domain and social domain have statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The QLICP-BR is of good validity, reliability, and reasonable responsiveness, and can be used to assess quality of life for patients with breast cancer in China.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18626667
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