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Friday, August 1, 2008

Fwd: Disruption of arginase II alters prostate tumor formation in TRAMP mice.



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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 30, 2008 at 9:30 PM
Subject: Disruption of arginase II alters prostate tumor formation in TRAMP mice.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Prostate. 2008 Jul 28;
Mumenthaler SM, Rozengurt N, Livesay JC, Sabaghian A, Cederbaum SD, Grody WW

BACKGROUND: Arginase II (AII) is involved in the polyamine synthetic pathway, and elevated levels of expression have been found in a high proportion of prostate cancer samples and patients. However, the biological function of arginase II in prostate cancer still remains to be elucidated. In this study, we utilized the TRAMP mouse prostate cancer model to better understand the contribution of AII on tumor development. METHODS: AII expression was determined in prostates from TRAMP mice at 23 weeks of age by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Additionally, AII expression was disrupted in the TRAMP model by crossbreeding arginase II knockout (AII KO) mice with TRAMP mice in order to generate the TRAMP/AII KO line. In each group, genito-urinary (GU) tract weights were determined and a pathological evaluation of the tumors was completed. RESULTS: AII expression was only detectable in those mice without the presence of macroscopic tumors; it was also absent in the TRAMP-C2 cell line, which is characteristic of an advanced prostate tumor. Assessment of the GU weights revealed larger average GU weights in the TRAMP/AII KO mice compared to TRAMP mice. Additionally, a greater percentage of more advanced pathology was found in the TRAMP/AII KO group compared to the TRAMP cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, AII deficiency in the TRAMP model seems to accelerate prostate tumor progression, leading to an overall more advanced cancer stage in these mice. These findings support the possibility that prostatic arginase II could be a potentially useful marker of disease progression. Prostate (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18663728
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Fwd: Disparities in Urban and Rural Mastectomy Populations : The Effects of Patient- and County-Level Factors on Likelihood of Receipt of Mastectomy.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 30, 2008 at 9:30 PM
Subject: Disparities in Urban and Rural Mastectomy Populations : The Effects of Patient- and County-Level Factors on Likelihood of Receipt of Mastectomy.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Ann Surg Oncol. 2008 Jul 29;
Jacobs LK, Kelley KA, Rosson GD, Detrani ME, Chang DC

BACKGROUND: Using the 2006 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and the 2004 Area Resource File (ARF), the likelihood of mastectomy for stages I-III breast cancer patients in urban versus rural populations are examined. County and patient level data are evaluated for impact on receipt of mastectomy. Patient variables included age, stage, race, and marital status, and community variables are income, employment, and radiation facility staff density. The likelihood of mastectomy in urban and rural patients, and the impact of the different variables on that procedure, is reported. METHODS: This retrospective analysis of a combined dataset from the 2006 SEER database and the 2004 ARF linked using the federal information processing standard (FIPS) state county variable evaluates patient and county variables with multivariate regression. RESULTS: From 1992 to 2003, 137,303 patients were identified in the SEER database. The rural population (county population of

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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18663535
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Fwd: A randomized study assessing the efficacy of communication skill training on patients' psychologic distress and coping: nurses' communication with patients just after being diagnosed with cancer.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 30, 2008 at 9:30 PM
Subject: A randomized study assessing the efficacy of communication skill training on patients' psychologic distress and coping: nurses' communication with patients just after being diagnosed with cancer.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Cancer. 2008 Jul 25;
Fukui S, Ogawa K, Ohtsuka M, Fukui N

BACKGROUND.: Although studies have shown the usefulness of improving health professionals' communication skills by training, to the authors' knowledge none have demonstrated the efficacy of communication skill training (CST) for health professionals in terms of improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of CST for nurses in improving psychologic distress and coping among patients after being informed of a cancer diagnosis. METHODS.: Nurses who mainly provide patients with psychologic and informational support after being informed of their cancer diagnosis by physicians at a cancer screening center were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group; patients were supported by either group of nurses. Patient selection criteria were: age >18 years with gastric, colorectal, or breast cancer that was not in advanced stage. Intervention consisted of 3 1-on-1 nurses' interviews (on the day of, 1 week after, and 1 month after diagnosis). Efficacy was assessed through patients' psychologic distress and coping by administering the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale (MAC), at 3 time points (1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after diagnosis). RESULTS.: Eighty-nine patients participated. Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated a significant group-by-time decrease in patients' psychologic distress on HADS (P = .03), and significant group-by-time increase in fighting spirit and decrease of fatalism (P = .01 and P = .04, respectively), in addition to significant between-group difference of anxious preoccupation on the MAC (P = .003). CONCLUSIONS.: Support by nurses who completed the CST program was found to reduce psychologic distress and improved coping long term among patients informed of their cancer diagnosis. Cancer 2008. (c) 2008 American Cancer Society.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18661509
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Fwd: Novel sequence variants and a high frequency of recurrent polymorphisms in BRCA1 gene in Sri Lankan breast cancer patients and at risk individuals.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Wed, Jul 30, 2008 at 9:30 PM
Subject: Novel sequence variants and a high frequency of recurrent polymorphisms in BRCA1 gene in Sri Lankan breast cancer patients and at risk individuals.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]BMC Cancer. 2008 Jul 29; 8(1): 214
De Silva W, Karunanayake EH, Tennekoon KH, Allen M, Amarasinghe I, Angunawala P, Ziard MH

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Breast Cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Sri Lankan women. Germline mutations in the susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer, though low in prevalence, are highly penetrant and show geographical variations. There have been only a few reports from Asia on mutations in BRCA1/2 genes and none from Sri Lanka. METHODS: A total of 130 patients with (N=66) and without (N=64) a family history of breast cancer, 70 unaffected individuals with a family history of breast cancer and 40 control subjects were analysed for BRCA1 mutations. All but exon 11 were screened by single strand conformation analysis (SSCP) and heteroduplex analysis. PCR products which showed abnormal patterns in SSCP were sequenced. Exon 11 was directly sequenced. RESULTS: Nineteen sequence variants were found in BRCA1 gene. Two novel deleterious frame-shift mutations; c.3086delT/exon11 (in one patient) and c.5404delG/exon21 (in one patient and two of her family members) were identified. A possibly pathogenic novel missense mutation (c.856T>G/exon 11) and three novel intronic variants (IVS7+36C>T, IVS7+41C>T, IVS7+49del15) were characterised. Ten previously reported common polymorphisms and three previously reported intronic variants were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: After screening of 66 patients with family history and 64 sporadic breast cancer patients, 2 deleterious mutations (c.3086delT and c.5404delG) in two families were identified and two more possibly pathogenic mutations (c.856T>G and IVS17-2A>T) in two families were identified. Data Base: BRCA1 - Gene Bank: Accession # U14680 Version # 14680.1.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18662409
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