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Friday, August 8, 2008

Fwd: Phase II study of arsenic trioxide and ascorbic acid for relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies: a Wisconsin Oncology Network study.



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From: HubMed - cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Phase II study of arsenic trioxide and ascorbic acid for relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies: a Wisconsin Oncology Network study.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Hematol Oncol. 2008 Jul 31;
Chang J, Voorhees P, Kolesar J, Ahuja H, Sanchez F, Rodriguez G, Kim K, Werndli J, Bailey H, Kahl B

Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) has established clinical activity in acute promyelocytic leukaemia and has pre-clinical data suggesting activity in lymphoid malignancies. Cell death from As(2)O(3) may be the result of oxidative stress. Agents which deplete intracellular glutathione, such as ascorbic acid (AA), may potentiate arsenic-mediated apoptosis. This multi-institution phase II study investigated a novel dosing schedule of As(2)O(3) and AA in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies. Patients received As(2)O(3) 0.25 mg/kg IV and AA 1000 mg IV for five consecutive days during the first week of each cycle followed by twice weekly infusions during weeks 2-6. Cycles were repeated every 8 weeks. The primary end point was objective response. In a subset of patients, sequential levels of intracellular glutathione and measures of Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during treatment. Seventeen patients were enrolled between March 2002 and February 2004. The median age was 71, and the majority of enrolled patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (12/17). Sixteen patients were evaluable, and one patient with mantle cell lymphoma achieved an unconfirmed complete response after five cycles of therapy for an overall response rate of 6%. The trial, which had been designed as a two-stage study, was closed after the first stage analysis due to lack of activity. Haematologic toxicities were the most commonly reported events in this heavily pre-treated population, and comprised the majority of grade 3 and 4 toxicities. Intracellular depletion of glutathione was not consistently observed during treatment. As(2)O(3) and AA in this novel dosing strategy was generally well tolerated but had limited activity in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancies. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18668698
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Fwd: Cell cycle dysregulation influences survival in high risk breast cancer patients.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Cell cycle dysregulation influences survival in high risk breast cancer patients.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Cancer Invest. 2008 Aug; 26(7): 734-40
Königsberg R, Röogelsperger O, Jäger W, Thalhammer T, Klimpfinger M, De Santis M, Hudec M, Dittrich C

BACKGROUND: Cell cycle progression is regulated by cyclin dependent kinases (cdk) and cdk inhibitors. Recent immunohistological studies suggested that dysregulation of cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, p16(ink4), p21(waf1/cip1), and p27(kip1) are of prognostic value in patients with breast cancer. Our study represents the first comprehensive immunohistochemical cell cycle marker analysis for cdc25A, cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, p16(ink4), p21(waf1/cip1), p27(kip1), and pRb in tumor tissue and adjacent benign breast tissue from 69 primarily untreated breast cancer patients. METHODS: Immunhistochemistry using primary monoclonal antibodies to detect cdc 25A, cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, p16(ink4), p21(waf1/cip1), p27(kip1), and pRb has been performed. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with untreated, invasive breast cancer (n = 69) were divided into a low/ intermediate and a high risk group according to the St. Gallen 2005 consensus conference. High risk patients (n = 22) had a significantly (p = 0.003) shorter mean and median survival (282.85 weeks; 383.0 weeks, respectively) than low/intermediate risk patients (375.41 weeks; not reached yet, respectively). A subgroup of high risk breast cancer patients characterized in addition by overexpression of cdc25A, cyclin A, cyclin E, p16(ink4a), and p27(kip1) experienced a shortened mean survival of 222.03, 235.71, 257.25, 239.18, and 261.94 weeks, respectively. Regarding benign breast tissue adjacent to breast cancer tissue, 59.4% of the patients investigated overexpressed cdc25A, 23.2% overexpressed pRb, and 63.2% exerted dysregulation of p27(kip1) while they proved to be negative for immunohistochemical staining regarding all other markers tested. CONCLUSION: The immunohistological analyses of cdc25A, cyclin A, cyclin E, p16(ink4a), and p27(kip1) have the potential for further refining the risk assessment in patients with untreated breast cancer who belong to the high risk category defined according to the St. Gallen 2005 consensus conference. These cell cycle markers define a subgroup of high risk patients with even higher risk of metastazation and shortened survival. For confirmation a prospective study using standardized laboratory procedures in a larger population is needed.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18665474
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Fwd: Magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring the effects of thalidomide on experimental human breast cancers.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring the effects of thalidomide on experimental human breast cancers.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Eur Radiol. 2008 Jul 30;
Cyran CC, Sennino B, Chaopathomkul B, Fu Y, Rogut VS, Shames DM, Wendland MF, McDonald DM, Brasch RC

Thalidomide, which inhibits angiogenesis in certain tumor types, reduced extravasation of a macromolecular contrast medium (MMCM) in a human breast cancer model as assayed by MMCM-enhanced dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence microscopy in the same tumors. After a 1-week, three-dose course of thalidomide, the mean MRI-assayed endothelial transfer coefficient, K(PS), decreased significantly (p

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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18665367
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Fwd: Part II: Cancer in Indigenous Africans-causes and control.



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Sun, Aug 3, 2008 at 8:08 AM
Subject: Part II: Cancer in Indigenous Africans-causes and control.
To: mesothelioma77@gmail.com


[1]Lancet Oncol. 2008 Aug; 9(8): 786-95
Sitas F, Parkin DM, Chirenje M, Stein L, Abratt R, Wabinga H

Africa has contributed substantial knowledge to the understanding of certain risk factors for cancer, such as the role of several infectious agents (eg, viruses, bacteria, and parasites), aflatoxins, and certain lifestyle factors. Although the relative importance of many lifestyle factors is becoming better understood in developed countries, more work is needed to understand the importance of these factors in different African settings. In view of the substantial genetic diversity in Africa, it would be prudent not to generalise too widely from one place to the next. We argue that risks for several exposures related to certain cancers differ from the patterns seen in developed countries. In this paper, we review the current knowledge of causes of some of the leading cancers in Africa, namely cancers of the cervix, breast, liver, prostate, stomach, bladder, and oesophagus, Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and tobacco-related cancers. There are no comprehensive cancer-control programmes in Africa and provision of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and palliation is inadequate. Certain cost-effective interventions, such as tobacco control, provision of antiretroviral therapy, and malarial and bilharzial control, can cause substantial decreases in the burden of some of these cancers. Vaccinations against hepatitis B and oncogenic human papilloma viruses can make the biggest difference, but very few countries in Africa can afford these vaccines without substantial subsidisation.



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Source: http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18672214
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